Acidity is a common name referred to regurgitation of acid or partly digested food from stomach into food pipe or mouth.

WATER BRASH / HEARTBURN:

Heartburn / water brash is burning sensation behind the breast bone or sternum. It is due to regurgitation of sour fluid from the esophagus into the oral cavity. It is normal when it occurs occasionally but frequent and severe heartburn is a manifestation of some esophageal dysfunction.

PEPTIC ULCER:

Small or big erosion in the mucosa (lining) of the stomach.

AVOID:

• Avoid fats and oily food.
• Avoid chocolate, ice-cream, butter, cakes, white bread, sweets and fried food.
• Limit intake of non-vegetarian food.
• Do not break your pimples will lead to secondary infections.
• Do not use scented soaps and chemicals on your face.

DO:

• Wash your face frequently, at least 5 times a day, taking care that it does not become too dry.
• Use non-greasy make-up or if possible do not apply cosmetics.
• Use natural cleansers than chemical preparations:
– Wash face with gram flour (channa) and little turmeric in it.
– Massage skin with fresh cucumber, it gives cooling effect on skin.
– You can massage your face with fresh fruits also.
• You can take facial steam to reduce inflammation and infection for not more then 15 minutes and once fortnight.
• Practice yoga – will help make your circulation better.

CONSUME:

• Drink plenty of water.
• Drink plenty of fruit juice, coconut water.
• Eat lots of fresh fruits and raw vegetables.
• Increase intake of fiber in your diet – Whole grains, bran, oat, green leafy vegetables, raw vegetables, salads, dried fruits and fresh fruits.
• Eat whole grains rather then refined flour.
• Possibly eat boiled or lightly cooked food, not highly seasoned food.
• Increase intake of zinc in diet:
– Shellfish, beef and other red meats, eggs and seafood, beef, pork, chicken (dark meat), turkey (dark meat), milk and milk products, nuts, sea plants especially Japanese sea plants..
• Consume diet rich in Vitamin A:
– Liver oils of fish, egg, milk and milk products, meat, fish, kidney and liver.
– Yellow orange colored fruits and vegetables; and Green leafy vegetables are good source of – carotene.
• Consume food rich in Vitamin C:
– Milk and milk products, citrus fruits, green vegetables.
– Fruits and vegetables when fresh have maximum of vitamin C.
• Increase intake of Vitamin E.
– Wheat germ, whole grain, corns, cereals, pulses, nuts, dark green leafy vegetables, olives.
– Oilseeds and vegetable oils. You can take vitamin E supplements of 400 IU twice a day.
• Replace other oils by sunflower oil for cooking as it is the richest source of vitamin E.
• Add little turmeric to your food; it is beneficial for your skin.

Dietary changes are made to correct the fluid and electrolyte imbalance and to maintain proper nutritional status so as to minimize protein catabolism and uraemia. But these dietary changes should be done under guidance of a professional dietician.

AVOID:

• Avoid potassium rich food, as in renal failure potassium excretion is decreased, hence serum potassium level are high which can have deleterious effects on heart.
• Foods rich in potassium and to be avoided are restrict potassium intake to 1,000 mg per day.
• Minimize or avoid protein – (0.5-0.6 gm per kg body weight) if you are not on dialysis and blood urea and nitrogen is increasing.
• Avoid high sodium diet – Restrict Sodium intake to 500-1,000 mg per day.
• Avoid phosphorus in diet, in renal disease phosphorus levels increase, which cause blood calcium levels to decrease and can lead to bone loss.

CONSUME:

• Fluid intake is regulated on basis of urinary out put, other water loss from vomiting or diarrhea. Total fluid intake should not exceed – 500 ml + previous day`s urine out put + total water loss from vomiting or diarrhea or any other causes.
• You should consume a minimum of 600-1,000 kcal.
• Generally 35-50 kilocalories per kg body weight should be consumed to maintain positive nitrogen balance.
• Have high calorie diet. Increase intakes of fats and carbohydrates.
• Reduce intake of proteins – (40 gm per day / 1.0-1.5 gm per kg body weight) if you are on dialysis or hemodialysis.
• Consume at least 100 gms of carbohydrate per day, it minimizes tissue protein breakdown.
• If on nasogastric tube feeding administer 700 ml of 15 % glucose.
• Sodium intake is based on measurements of sodium ions in serum and urine. If are not on dialysis you should restrict sodium intake.
• Restrict Sodium intake to 500-1,000 mg per day.
• If you are on dialysis sodium can be consumed in accordance with the serum levels of sodium ion.
• In the recovery phase, urine out put is increased and a return of the ability to eliminate wastes. Gradually can increase intake of protein, potassium, phosphorus and sodium. Fluid and electrolyte balance should be monitored and dietary changes should be done accordingly. It will take at least six months to come back to normal routine diet.
• During kidney disease body`s need for certain vitamins and minerals changes. Normally in healthy condition we get adequate amount of vitamins and minerals form our regular diet, but as in kidney disease diet limits certain food groups, hence one needs to take certain vitamin and mineral supplements. Take these supplements under the guidance of your physician.
• Vitamin C supplements, helps to increase immunity and combat the infection.
• Vitamin B complex, certain B vitamins like B6, B12 and folic acid along with iron and EPO (erythropoietin, given in renal failure to avoid anemia) and iron prevents anemia. Other B vitamins like – thiamine, riboflavin, pentothenic acid and niacin helps to convert food into energy.
• Iron supplements can be taken, but consult your physician.
• You can also take calcium supplements; it binds the phosphorus from food and serves to provide extra calcium that your body needs. Along with calcium you can take vitamin D supplements, helps to keep bones healthy.
• Consume 2 table spoon of fresh flax seed oil, reduces / slows the process of further renal damage.

• Cut down salt (common table salt) intake in your diet to avoid hypertension. Intake should not exceed more then 2 to 2.5 gm a day.
• Avoid foods rich in cholesterol: ground nut oil, ghee, butter, whole milk, eggs, lard (fats derived from pig meat), tallow (fats derived from goat or sheep mutton), oily fish, meats and red meat – all non-vegetarian food contain cholesterol in varied amount.
• Avoid non-vegetarian food especially red meat.
• Increase intake of foods that contain PUFA`s (poly unsaturated fatty acids) flax / linseed oil is the richest source of PUFA`s. Other oils that contain PUFA`s are sesame oil, mustard oil and olive oil. As all oils are high in fats, its consumption should be limited. The intake of oils should not exceed 20gms a day.
• Sesame oil and almond oil hinders the absorption of LDL (low-density lipoproteins), so it is advisable to use replace other cooking oils by sesame oil.
• Increase your intake of water.
• Consume whole grain cereals and whole pulses.
• Take high fiber diet – whole grains, bran, oat, green leafy vegetables, peas, beans, potatoes, raw vegetables, salads, dried fruits and fresh fruits.
• Eat fruits and vegetables with the skin.
• Cut down the intake of sugar and other sweeteners.
• Replace whole milk with semi-skimmed or skimmed milk.
• Avoid fat-rich portions of flesh foods. Instead have lean meat.
• Avoid fat-rich desserts and fried snacks like cakes, pastries, puddings etc
• Instead of frying food boil, steam, grill or roast food.
• Avoid coffee and caffeinated drinks, junk food – pizza, burgers etc.
• Consume food rich in magnesium
– Nuts and sea food, green leafy vegetables, sea plants like Japanese sea plants, whole grains Peas, lotus stem, pulses, legumes and oil seeds
• Increase intake of vitamin C, it maintains the elasticity and integrity of the artery walls.
– Citrus fruits, green leafy vegetables.
– Eat vegetables- cabbage, broccoli, tubers- potatoes and sweet potatoes.
• Reduce calcium intake (reduce but do not completely avoid calcium as it is needed for maintenance of our body):-
– milk and sea food, nuts, green leafy vegetables, whole grains, peas, lotus stem, pulses, legumes and oil seeds
– Should avoid custard apple and banana as they are high in calcium.

• Treat the causes.
• Avoid hot, spicy food.
• Drink plenty of water.
• Eat bland food.
• Do not eat / drink too hot or too cold food.
• Avoid sweets and carbohydrates.
• Avoid smoking and alcohol.
• Eat liquid / semi solid food, which you can easily swallow to avoid pain.
• Eat lots of vitamin C, vitamin B12 and folic acid –
– Fruit juice – citrus fruits like- orange, lime, sweet lime, strawberries, grape fruits, mango, amla (Indian Gooseberry) etc.
– Vegetable soups – tomatoes, green leafy vegetables – spinach, tangerines etc.
– Eat boiled vegetables – cabbage, broccoli, tubers- potatoes and sweet potatoes.
– Milk and milk products.
– Boiled or scrambled egg.
– Wheat, rice (brown) porridge.
• If pain is not too much you can have well-cooked (soft) meat, kidney, liver, pork, sea food- shellfish, shrimps, crabs, lobsters.
• Wash your mouth with water and little turmeric.

• Avoid foods rich in fats, oils, butter, ghee, nuts etc.
• Avoid foods rich in cholesterol: ground nut oil, ghee, butter, whole milk, eggs, lard (fats derived from pig meat), tallow (fats derived from goat or sheep mutton), oily fish, meats and red meat – all non-vegetarian food contain cholesterol in varied amount.
• Remember vegetable oils like safflower oil, cotton seed oil, mustard oil, etc do not contain cholesterol.
• Increase intake of foods that contain PUFA`s (poly unsaturated fatty acids): flax / linseed oil is the richest source of PUFA`s. Other oils that contain PUFA`s are safflower oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, maize oil, sesame oil, rich bran oil, ground nut oil, mustard oil and olive oil. As all oils are high in fats, its consumption should be limited; the intake should not exceed 20gms a day.
• Sesame oil and almond oil hinders the absorption of LDL (low-density lipoproteins), so it is advisable to replace other cooking oils by sesame oil.
• Consume food rich in magnesium.
– Sea food, sea plants like Japanese sea plants, green leafy vegetables, nuts, whole grains, peas, lotus stem, pulses, legumes and oil seeds.
• Avoid eating junk food – pizza, burgers etc.
• Reduce calcium intake (reduce but do not completely avoid calcium as it is needed for maintenance of our body):-
– Milk and sea food, nuts, whole grains.
– Should avoid custard apple and banana are high in calcium.
– Note: Calcium from green leafy vegetables and cereals are not absorbed adequately due to presence of oxalic acid, phytic acid and fiber. Hence vegetables and cereals should be consumed regularly.
• Consume lots of fresh fruits and vegetables.
• Increase intake of fiber: whole grains, bran, oat, green leafy vegetables, peas, beans, potatoes, raw vegetables, salads, dried fruits and fresh fruits.
• Eat fruits and vegetables with the skin.
• Increase intake of vitamin C, it maintains the elasticity and integrity of the artery walls.
– Citrus fruits, green leafy vegetables and vegetables- cabbage, broccoli, tubers.
• Avoid non-vegetarian food especially red

• Try to recognize and avoid the factors that trigger the asthmatic attacks.
• Keep a diary and try to trace a pattern or relation between your allergic reaction and the allergen.
• Families with history of allergy should avoid artificial food, eggs, cocoa, juices and wheat preparation to infants till the age of six months. Only breast feed infants for the first six months to strengthen the immune system.
• For infants born in vegetarian family, vegetarian food is preferred.
• Avoid food and drinks known to cause allergy – cow milk, vinegar, lemon juice, grapes, instant tea, corn syrup, fruit toppings, cold food and drinks, canned food, food additives, beer and wine.
• Eat balanced nutritious diet.
• Eat fresh unprocessed food.
• Consume Bitter gourd (Karela) cooked or juice, it strengthens the immunity.
• Every morning, drink boiled mixture of – ½ cup water, little ginger, 2-3 leaves of sweet basil (tulsi) and mint leaves, or you can eat the raw leaves, this will boost up you immunity.
• Boil a mixture of Bishops weed (Ajwain), tea leaves and water and inhale the steam, helps to decongest.
• Consume garlic and onions, will be beneficial, but avoid them if you are on homeopathic medicine.
• Consume lots of Vitamin B complex.
– Liver, kidney, pancreas, yeast (Brewers yeast), lean meat especially pork, fish, dairy products, poultry, egg, shrimps, crabs and lobsters,.
– Milk and milk products, green leafy vegetables, legumes, nuts, whole grain cereals.
– Carrots, bananas, avocado, raspberries, artichoke, cauliflower, soy flour, barley, cereals, pasta, whole grains, wheat barn like rice and wheat germ, dried beans, peas and soybeans.
• Increase intake of magnesium in your diet.
– Sea food, nuts, green leafy vegetables.
– Peas, lotus stem, pulses, whole grains, fruits.

Avoid:
• Avoid alcohol.
• Avoid eating unpolished rice or cereals.

CONSUME:

• Increase intake of thiamine (vitamin B1):
– Thiamine is found in almost all foodstuffs of animal and plant origin. Fats oils and sugars do not contain thiamine.
– Animal origin: lean meat especially pork, fish, dairy products, poultry, egg yolk are good sources of thiamine.
– Yeast is a very good source of thiamine.
– Plant origin: cereals, pasta, whole grains like rice and wheat germ, dried beans, peas and soybeans are good source of vitamin B1.
– Fruits and vegetables are not high in thiamine content.
• You can take thiamine supplements

• Avoid dairy products like milk, butter, cheese because these will increase mucus secretion in the respiratory system.
• Avoid hot spicy and highly seasoned food.
• Avoid cold food, cold drinks, ice, ice-creams and aerated drinks.
• Drink luke warm water.
• Boil a mixture of Bishops weed (Ajwain), tea leaves and water and inhale the steam, helps to decongest. Do this at least 2-3 times a day.
• Gargle with warm water, a pinch of salt and turmeric to sooth your throat.
• Have only fruits for 4-5 days later can have raw salads, vegetables and sweet fruits for next 5-6 days.
• Have hot vegetable soups.
• Have bland and boiled food.
• Include turmeric, garlic, ginger and onions in your diet but avoid if you are on homeopathic medication.
• Consume lots of vitamin C: foods of animal origin are poor in vitamin C.
– Fresh citrus fruits, green vegetables.
• Increase consumption of vitamin B:
– Milk and milk products, eggs, shrimps, crabs and lobsters.
– Lean meat especially pork, fish, dairy products, poultry, egg yolk, Liver, kidney, pancreas, yeast (Brewers yeast).
– Carrots, bananas, avocado, raspberries, artichoke, cauliflower, soy flour, barley, cereals pasta, whole grains, barn like unpolished rice and wheat germ, dried beans, peas and soybeans.
– Green leafy vegetables, legumes, nuts, whole grain.
• Consume lots of vitamin A; it maintains the integrity of the respiratory mucosa: Liver oils of fish like cod, shark, and halibut are richest source of vitamin A.
– Animal sources: egg, milk and milk products, meat, fish, kidney and liver.
– Yellow orange colored fruits and vegetables, dark green leafy vegetables.
• Have ginger powder or fresh ginger juice in honey before retiring to bed.
• Every morning, drink boiled mixture of – ½ cup water, little ginger, 2-3 leaves of sweet basil (tulsi) and mint leaves, or you can eat the raw leaves, this will boost up you immunity.

Dietary changes are made to correct the fluid and electrolyte imbalance and to maintain proper nutritional status so as to minimize protein catabolism and uraemia. But these dietary changes should be done under guidance of a professional dietician.

AVOID:

• Avoid potassium rich food, as in renal failure potassium excretion is decreased, hence serum potassium level are high which can have deleterious effects on heart.
• Foods rich in potassium and to be avoided are: restrict potassium intake to 1,000 mg per day.
• Minimize or avoid protein – (0.5-0.6 gm per kg body weight) if you are not on dialysis and blood urea and nitrogen is increasing.
• Avoid high sodium diet – Restrict Sodium intake to 500-1,000 mg per day.
• Avoid phosphorus in diet, in renal disease phosphorus levels increase, which Causes blood calcium levels to decrease and can lead to bone loss.

CONSUME:

• Fluid intake is regulated on basis of urinary out put, other water loss from vomiting or diarrhea. Total fluid intake should not exceed – 500 ml + previous day`s urine out put + total water loss from vomiting or diarrhea or any other cause.
• You should consume a minimum of 600-1,000 kcal.
• Generally for adults 35-50 kilocalories per kg body weight, for children 80-110 kcal / kg and for infants 100-120 kcal / kg should be consumed to maintain positive nitrogen balance.
• Have high calorie diet. Increase intakes of fats and carbohydrates.
• Reduce intake of proteins – (40 gm per day, if on haemodialysis protein intake can be increased to 1 gm per kg body weight per day and patients on peritoneal dialysis, loses more protein so daily protein requirement is 1.0-1.5 gm per kg body weight).
• The food should be high in calories and low in protein.
• High protein sources like fish, chicken, meat and pulses should be taken in smaller quantities.
• Avoid canned, baked, processed and preserved foods.
• Salted cheese, butter and nuts should be avoided
• Foods high in protein should be taken in little quantities –Canned, preserved, baked and processed foods should be avoided.
• Avoid salted nuts, cheese, butter and other salted food items.
• Consume at least 100 gm of carbohydrate per day, it minimizes tissue protein breakdown.
• If on nasogastric tube feeding administer 700 ml of 15 % glucose.
• Sodium intake is based on measurements of sodium ions in serum and urine. If are not on dialysis you should restrict sodium intake.
• Restrict Sodium intake to 500-1,000 mg per day.
• If you are on dialysis sodium can be consumed in accordance with the serum levels of sodium ion.
• If on haemodialysis you can consume 1.5 to 2.0 gm of sodium per day and if you are on peritoneal dialysis you can have 2 to 3 gm of sodium per day.
• For children sodium intake should not exceed 50mg per kg per day.
• During kidney disease body`s need for certain vitamins and minerals changes. Normally in healthy condition we get adequate amount of vitamins and minerals form our regular diet, but as in kidney disease diet limits certain food groups, hence one needs to take certain vitamin and mineral supplements. Take these supplements under the guidance of your physician.
• Vitamin C supplements, helps to increase immunity and combat the infection.
• Vitamin B complex, certain B vitamins like B6, B12 and folic acid along with iron and EPO (erythropoietin, given in renal failure to avoid anemia) and iron prevents anemia. Other B vitamins like – thiamine, riboflavin, pentothenic acid and niacin helps to convert food into energy.
• Iron supplements can be taken, but consult your physician.
• You can also take calcium supplements; it binds the phosphorus from food and serves to provide extra calcium that your body needs. Along with calcium you can take vitamin D supplements, helps to keep bones healthy.
• Consume 2 table spoon of fresh flax seed oil, reduces / slows the process of further renal damage.

• In acute phase of disease rest and take only liquids- water with salt and sugar, fruit juices- water melon, etc, start dioralyte in case of severe diarrhea.
• Later start with semi solid, light and bland diet – porridge, soups, fruit juices etc.
• Add a pinch of turmeric to food, it has anti inflammatory properties and its action is seen more in the colon.
• Try to consume more of antioxidants (vitamin A, E, C, Selenium etc.)– Most fruits and vegetables contain bioflavanoids, which is a good antioxidant.
• Eat well balanced diet, will boost up your immunity.
• Increase fiber intake in your diet – whole grains, bran, oat, green leafy vegetables, raw vegetables, salads, dried fruits and fresh fruits.
• Limit fried and fatty food.
• Avoid intake of milk and milk products.
• Increase intake of iron – boiled eggs, jaggery, beet roots, green leafy vegetables, and nuts – Brazil nuts and almonds, dried fruits, dates, prunes, raisins apricots, cereals, pulses, lentils, whole grains and millets.
• Increase intake of vitamins and minerals – most vitamins and minerals are present in vegetables and fruits so try to consume vegetarian food more.
• If possible avoid / limit non- vegetarian food.
• Avoid refined sugars, tea, coffee and aerated drinks.
• Avoid food that you are allergic to.

• In case of profuse water nasal discharge fluid intake should be increased.
• Drink plenty of water, can add a pinch of turmeric and ginger powder to it.
• You can consume juices especially of citrus fruits as they have high vitamin C content – lemon, orange, sweet lime, pineapple etc.
• Consume hot soups, especially chicken soup.
• Take raw fruits and vegetables. Apple is good for cold, should consume at least one apple a day.
• Include garlic, ginger and onions in your food.
• Increase intake of vitamin A in your diet – all yellow fruits and vegetables contain Vitamin A. Meat, fish, kidney and liver, liver oils of fish like cod, shark, and halibut are richest source of vitamin A. If you are a vegetarian you can have fish liver oil supplements but because over dose can be toxic.
• Boil a mixture of Bishops weed (Ajwain), tea leaves and water and inhale the steam, helps to decongest the nose block due to cold. Should do at least three times a day.
• Drink boiled mixture of – ½ cup water, little ginger, 2-3 leaves of sweet basil (tulsi) and mint leaves, or you can eat the raw leaves, this will boost up you immunity and control your cough and cold.
• Gargle with warm water, a pinch of salt and turmeric to sooth your throat.
• Avoid milk and milk products – cottage cheese.
• Avoid spicy food, eggs, sweets and cold refrigerated drinks.
• Avoid cold drinks, cold water, ice creams and aerated drinks.
• Avoid all food with preservatives and additives.

• Do not suppress the urge to pass stools.
• Get a regular time fixed to the toilet.
• Drink at least 2-3 liters of water a day.
• Eat high fiber diet – whole grains, bran, oat, green leafy vegetables, peas, beans, potatoes, raw vegetables, salads, dried fruits and fresh fruits.
• Eat fruits and vegetables with the skin.
• Avoid food that can cause constipation like pomegranate etc.
• You can take one spoon isubgul (fiber, Psyllium) in water before retiring to bed.
• Walk after every meals.
• Drink 2- 4 glasses of warm water every morning.
• Limit intake of laxatives.

• Treat the cause.
• Have one spoon of mixture of honey and ginger powder before retiring to bed.
• Avoid food / environmental factors to which you are allergic.
• Consume hot soups.
• Take raw fruits and vegetables. Apple is good for cough, should consume at least one apple a day.
• Include garlic, ginger and onions in your food.
• Drink boiled mixture of – ½ cup water, little ginger, 2-3 leaves of sweet basil (tulsi) and mint leaves, or you can eat the raw leaves, this will boost up you immunity.
• Gargle with warm water, a pinch of salt and turmeric to sooth your throat.
• Avoid milk and milk products – cottage cheese.
• Avoid spicy food, oily food, eggs, sweets and cold refrigerated drinks.
• Avoid cold drinks, cold water, ice creams and aerated drinks.
• Avoid all food with preservatives and additives.
• Stop smoking and ingestion of alcohol.
• In case of severe pain in throat due to cough- eat soft bland food, semi solid food, soups, and boiled vegetables and fruit juices.

Kidney stones have tendency to reoccur, it can be prevented by some dietary changes. Depending upon the type of stones you can make necessary changes in your diet and prevent stone formation.
• Fluid intake:
– Drink lots of water, fruit juice, vegetable juice and other drinks. At least 50% total fluid intake should be water.
– Drink about 3-5 liters of water as water dilutes urine and there by hinders the stone formation.
– Drink enough to ensure the passage of 2000 ml / 70 oz of urine per day.
– Never let yourself to become dehydrated. Drink more water if you are doing strenuous work or are working in hot humid climate.
– You can drink barley water and coconut water daily, it helps in removing stones.
– You can have 1-2 unit of beer; it is good for flushing out the stone. Take care not to over indulge. One unit is about 285 ml beer.
• Drink lots of orange juice or other citrus fruit juices like – grapefruit, cranberry and grape juice. Citrus fruits especially orange juice is rich in potassium and citrate, potassium citrate is commonly used to prevent kidney stones.
• Reduce sodium intake. High sodium intake increases the risk of kidney stone by increasing urinary saturation of calcium phosphate and monosodium rate and decreases the inhibitory activity against calcium oxalate crystallization.
• Increase intake of fiber – bran, whole grains, oat, green leafy vegetables, peas, beans, potatoes, raw vegetables, salads, dried fruits and fresh fruits.
• Consume good amount of B-complex vitamin daily, especially pyridoxine (Vitamin B-6) and B-1 (thiamine) as their deficiency is associated with formation of stones.
• Reduce intake of sugar as it is associated with kidney stones.
• If possible stick to vegetarian diet. Studies have shown that plant sources of oxalates and calcium are not the cause for stone formation. Diet high in animal protein affects certain minerals in the urine which aids in the formation of kidney stones.
• Large quantities of water should be consumed to dilute the concentration of cystine in urine, which is difficult. Drink at least a gallon of water per day and third of it should be drunk during the night.
• Consume buffered vitamin C, in the form of ascorbate.
• Consume diet low in mithionine:
– Foods high in methionine: broccoli, mushroom, cauliflower, potatoes, spinach, corn, avocado, nuts – peanuts, pistachio, macadamia nuts; tofu, green beans, beans sprouts, dried beans – kidney beans, black beans, tempeh, milk and eggs.
• High-homocysteine levels increase the risk of heart disease, avoid meat and saturated fats.

Avoid:
• Avoid fatty and oily food.
• Avoid dairy products (except yoghurt) – cheese, cottage cheese and seafood.
• Avoid sugar, white flour and chocolate
• Avoid excess alcohol.
• Avoid stress.
• Even though dandruff is dry flaking skin do not normally apply excessive oil as it may provide an environment for yeast to breed.

DO:

• Add one tea spoon of vinegar to the rinsing water after washing your hair.
• Before washing your hair, apply a mixture of 8 table spoon of pure organic peanut oil and 2 table spoon lemon juice and massage into the scalp. Leave it for 10-15 minutes then shampoo.
• You can replace oil with coconut milk or coconut water; leave it over night and shampoo.
• Wash hair with natural, herbal ingredients rather than chemical – take mixture of amla (Indian goose berri) powder, aritha (sapindus Laurifotius) powder and shikakai (Acacia Concinna) powder, soak it in water over night and wash hair with the mixture.
• Practice yoga, helps in relieving stress and will increase blood circulation.
• Natural live yoghurt is recommended as a natural conditioner.
• Avoid harsh hair dyes and hair creams.
• Softly massage your scalp when you shampoo or oil. This will help blood circulation and prevent skin from drying and cracking.

CONSUME:

• Drink plenty of water.
• Eat large percentage of your diet as raw fruits and vegetables.
• Consume (3-4) – nuts and seeds daily.
• Consume linseed oil – 2 table spoon.
• Consumption of Aelo vera juice is also helpful.
• Consume Kelp and Japanese sea plants frequently as they supply many minerals like iodine which are better for hair growth and healing of the scalp.
• Increase intake of zinc in diet:
– Shellfish, beef and other red meats, eggs and seafood, milk and milk products, nuts, sea plants especially Japanese sea.
• Consume diet rich in antioxidants like Vitamin A, Vitamin C and Vitamin E.
• Increase intake of foods that contain PUFA`s (poly unsaturated fatty acids): flax / linseed oil is the richest source of PUFA`s. Other oils that contain PUFA`s are safflower oil, soybean oil, maize oil, sesame oil, olive oil. As all oils are high in fats, its consumption should be limited. The intake of oils should not exceed 20gms a day.
• Sesame oil and almond oil hinders the absorption of LDL (low-density lipoproteins), so it is advisable to use replace other cooking oils by sesame oil.
• Consume lots of Selenium:
– Fish, shellfish, eggs, red meat, chicken, liver, grains, Brazil nuts, garlic, wheat germ and brewer`s yeast.
• Consume lots of Vitamin B complex:
– Liver, kidney, pancreas, yeast (Brewers yeast), lean meat especially pork, fish, dairy products, poultry, egg, shrimps, crabs and lobsters,.
– Milk and milk products, green leafy vegetables, legumes, nuts, whole grain cereals.
– Carrots, bananas, avocado, raspberries, artichoke, cauliflower, soy flour, barley, cereals, pasta, whole grains, wheat barn like rice and wheat germ, dried beans, peas and soybeans.

DIETARY MANAGEMENT:

Do`s:
• Practice yoga, do meditations, will effectively reduce symptoms of depression.
• Do regular exercise, and eat a healthy well balanced diet.
• Try to relax and enjoy your favorite recreation as you used to do before.
• Give a surprise visit to your friend.

DON`TS:

• Do not believe in your negative thoughts.
• Avoid making major decisions during the episode of depression.
• Avoid food you are allergic too.
• Avoid alcohol and drugs.
• Avoid refined sugar, white sugar, honey, fructose, maple syrup etc. they deplete your body vitamins and reduces the sugar levels in our body.
• Avoid caffeine, caffeinated drinks and nicotine completely or if you are drinking more then 4 cups of coffee in a day, then have decaffeinated coffee and soft drinks.
• Avoid preservatives, dyes, additives, processed foods artificial colors and canned food they hinder in the process of metabolism.
• Avoid smoking, dairy products, meat and eggs.
• Avoid simple sugar, Nutrasweet, Aspartame and all artificial sweeteners.

CONSUME:

• Eat food in a relaxed atmosphere, as stress decreases the ability of our body to metabolize food.
• Take enough time for lunch.
• Sometimes it is difficult to eat when you are depressed, eat small snacks several times a day.
• Drink plenty of water, at least 8 – 10 full glasses of water. Water is required for energy and for proper functioning of brain and body.
• Keep a record of every thing you eat and observe how you feel after eating. If you feel tired, weak, confused or low after eating, you may have a food allergy. Keep a track of it and avoid food you are allergic too.
• Reduce intake of simple carbohydrates like breads, pastas, sugar, honey, candy, table sugar, syrups, and carbonated drinks should be avoided.
• Fruits, vegetables, milk and milk products are also simple carbohydrates, but they also are best sources of vitamins and minerals hence are essential. Should consume every day.
• Limit intake of saturated fats. Not more then 30% of total calories should come from fats.
• Consume foods that have quality fats i.e. foods high in essential fatty acids (EFA).
• Limit intake of foods high in cholesterol (not more then 300 mg a day).
• Protein intake should not exceed more then 60-65 gm / day for males and 50-55 gm / day for female. Note: protein intake should not be lower then 55-60 gm for males and 45-50 gm per day. Choose proteins which are high in essential amino acids.
• Increase intake of vitamin B complex. They are needed for energy production, nerve cell functioning and metabolism of carbohydrates.
• Consume foods high in vitamin C, it increases immunity and is essential for neurotransmitter production. Consume at least 100 mg / day of vitamin C.
• Increase intake of food high in vitamin E, increases blood circulation and protects the brain cells. Consume at least 400-500 IU of vitamin E.
• Consume food high in choline or lecithin. Choline acts as a neurotransmitter and is very important for brain function.
– Milk, eggs, liver, wheat germ and peanuts are rich in choline.
– Other sources are beef, shrimp, salmon, Atlantic cod, Brussels sprouts, broccoli and milk chocolate.
• Include garlic in your regular diet.
• Other foods like beans, pods, tofu, raw fresh fruits and fresh vegetables are good to alleviate depression.
• Include foods high in calcium and foods high in magnesium in your diet, as deficiency of calcium and magnesium can be one of the cause for depression, as they are needed for energy production and proper functioning of the nervous system.
• Iron deficiency will lead to fatigue, irritability, weakness and this inefficiency to work can cause depression. Thus consume food high in iron to avoid iron deficiency.
• Increase intake of minerals like copper, potassium and selenium, are essential for mental alertness and proper functioning of our body.

DIETARY MANAGEMENT:

Your blood sugar level in your blood is closely connected to what you eat, so good and balanced nutrition is most important for living a healthy life with diabetes. Correct choice of food and in appropriate amount will help you to control your blood sugar levels, thus further preventing or delaying the complications. There is no particular diet that will suit everyone; it depends on the treatment, individual sensitivity and on the complication of the disease. So consult your physician before implementing any diet plans.

DO`S:

• Follow your doctor`s instructions.
• Do not stop or take any medications on your own.
• Monitor your blood glucose by regular blood Glucose checking.
• Do regular exercise and practice yoga.
• Walk for at least 45 minutes regularly (follow advice of your physician).
• Take extra care for your foot if you get a cut or a bruise, blister or swelling, see your doctor immediately.
• Maintain your optimum weight.
• Always carry a packet of biscuits, candy, juice or sugar along, if you feel giddy have one or two biscuits or one sweet. You may be hypoglycemic, see your physician Immediately.
• Loose weight if obese as with diabetes the risk of developing heart disease increases. Loose weight gradually, one or two pounds a week.

AVOID:

• Do not undertake strict diet to loose weight without consulting your physician or a registered dietician.
• Avoid sugars and any thing, which is high in sugar content.
• Avoid artificial sweeteners.
• Avoid canned fruits.
• Avoid alcohol, smoking.
• Avoid high calorie diet – fried, oily or buttered food.
• Do not take appetite suppressants to control weight, they increase blood sugar levels.
• Avoid chocolate, pastries, jams, honey and sweets.
• Avoid potatoes, sweet potato, yam and other “underground vegetables”.
• Avoid fruit like chickoo, mango and bananas, or just consume a single slice a day.
• Avoid sleeping in the day time.

CONSUME:

• consume frequent small meals at regular intervals through out the day, instead of eating heavy meals once or twice a day. This will help to avoid extremes of high or low blood glucose levels.
• Consume snacks high in protein before sleeping, prevents hypoglycemia at night.
• Consume about 2000 calories a day of which 50-60% calories coming from carbohydrates, 20% from proteins and less then 30% from fats.
• Pregnant woman needs 300 calories more from second trimester and extra 10-12 gm of protein for the growth of the baby.
• Have plenty of salads before you start your meal.
• Carbohydrates:
– Consume complex carbohydrates (high fiber foods) then the simple carbohydrate diet, both will provide similar amount of calories, but complex carbohydrates are high in fiber which helps in lowering the blood glucose levels.
– Avoid sugar as every food contains little sugar, and they are of no nutritive value and considered as empty calories.
– Consume bitter gourd (karela), string beans (Chaulee), cucumber (kakadi), onions and garlic are very beneficial for diabetics.
– Consume lots of green leafy vegetables, beans and legumes.
– As much as possible eat raw fruits and vegetables then cooked ones, cooked food increases blood glucose levels as compared to raw food.
• Fiber:
– Consume high fiber diet (between 30 to 50 gm a day), it helps lowering the blood glucose levels – fruits, vegetables, peas, beans and whole- wheat breads, bran, brown rice, oats, seeds, nuts, barley are good sources of fiber.
– Note: do not exceed more then 60 gm of fiber a day it can lead to nutrition deficiencies.
• Proteins:
– Patients with diabetic kidney need to consume less protein.
– Consume protein more from plant sources then animal sources.
– Prefer fresh fish or soy protein to poultry or meat; consume fish not more then 2 servings per week.
• Fats:
– Consume low fat diet – avoid fried food or mayonnaise based food except if non-fat mayonnaise is used, avoid egg yolk, bacon, butter etc.,
– Cholesterol intake should not exceed 200 mg per day.
– Consume Polyunsaturated fats (PUFA), and monounsaturated fats instead of saturated fats and cholesterol.
– Monounsaturated fats are mostly present in olive, canola, and peanut oils and in most nuts.
– Consume not more then 5gm of fats, as PUFA, monounsaturated fats or saturated fats they all provide same amount of calories, though they are different in kind.
• Consume 3-4 nuts regularly as they are high in proteins, fibers and also PUFA
• Consume bitter gourd (karela) or have ½ cup or more of bitter gourd juice every day it is very beneficial.
• Before buying any products from the market check its label for amount of fats, carbohydrates and proteins.
• Consume less of salt, not more then 2gm (2,000 mg sodium intake) a day.
• Add garlic, onions and herbs to your food.
• Also add turmeric to food, it lowers the glucose levels.
• Vitamins:
• Include foods that are rich in vitamin A, C, E as they have antioxidant property and thus protect from heart diseases.
• Include adequate amount of B vitamins in your diet, certain B vitamins like folate, Vitamin B6 and Vitamin B12 lowers the levels of homocysteine.
• Magnesium deficiency is usually seen in diabetics, if you are diagnosed of magnesium deficient, increase intake of magnesium / you can take magnesium supplements.
• Chromium deficiency is observed to be a risk factor for diabetes type II, if you have chromium deficiency, increase intake of chromium.
• Zinc deficiency is also observed in patients with diabetes Type II, in case you are deficient of zinc consume diet rich in Zinc.
• Moderate alcohol intake is beneficial, especially red wine. One should limit to 1 drink per day for women and 2 drinks per day for men. Pregnant women and people at the risk of alcoholism should not consume alcohol.
• Tea has proved to have beneficial effects on the heart, as it is rich in flavanoids and thus protects from damage from LDL, green tea as well as black tea are beneficial for arteries.

• Drink plenty of fluids every 15-30 minutes.
– Boiled water with sugar and salt.
– Lemon water with sugar and salt,
– 2 teaspoonfuls of apple/ carrot juice in boiled water.
– Butter milk, coconut water, barley water with skimmed milk.
• Take oral electrolyte solutions – dioralyte.
• In case of infants start oral rehydration (the above measures) as soon as diarrhea begins.
• Continue breast-feeding and extra food supplement to the infant (if the child is being weaned), breast-feeding provides the immunity to the infant.
• Avoid solid foods for at least 24 hrs. You can start with – light, bland food
– Porridge, boiled rice, boiled vegetables, dry toast.
– Stewed apple, boiled potatoes, china grass, and ripe banana.
– Consume plenty of vegetable soups and juices – as they are rich in minerals and salts and help to replace lost body fluids.
– Curds, kanji (starch prepared from boiled rice)
– Pomegranate.
• Avoid raw food, non-vegetarian, spicy and seasoned food.
• Avoid milk and milk products.

• Treat the cause.
• Avoid stress.
• Maintain personal hygiene.
• If possible fast for the day (do not eat for 24 hrs), will give some rest to your stomach.
• Take a light diet consisting of porridge, rice, lentils or have boiled green grams.
• Add a pinch of asafetida in your food – it helps in proper digestion of the food.
• Take plenty of fluids.
• Eat fresh frits and salad.
• Add curd or butter milk to your meals, helps in digestion.
• Avoid hot, spicy food. Eat blend and boiled food that is easy to digest.
• Eat slowly and chew food properly.
• Avoid alcohol, smoking during the attack at least.
• Avoid fatty food during the attack.
• Avoid dairy products and meat food.
• Avoid over eating, take small meals instead of one large meal.
• Avoid drugs that causes stomach upset.
• Do not exercise, bend, stoop / sleep immediately after meals.

• Treat the cause.
• Eat soft, semisolid or mashed food, which is easy to swallow.
• Consume soups – vegetable, tomatoes, and green leafy vegetables etc.
• Have fruits juices, sugarcane juice, buttermilk, and milk.
• Make different porridge- wheat porridge, rice porridge or lentil porridge etc.
• Boil food properly and then mash it so it`s easy to swallow.
• Try to make different verities so all nutrients are consumed to prevent malnutrition.
• Drink sips of water while eating in order to push the food down the esophagus.
• Eat small quantities of food at regular intervals.
• In severe cases where food is supplied to the body through food pipe, make sure to feed different verities of soups, porridge and juices so all the recommended nutrients are provided to the body.

Avoid:
• Do not scratch especially with long nails. It may lead to secondary infection.
• Avoid foods you are allergic to.
• Avoid nickel plated jewellery, cosmetics, and other articles that give you skin complaints.
• Do not self medicate.

DO:

• You can apply non-medicated ointments like petroleum jelly to soothe the irritation.
• Practice yoga will help to relax and de-stress yourself.
• When washing or bathing, keep water contact as brief as possible and use less soap than usual. After bathing, apply lubricating cream on the skin while it is damp.
• Avoid eggs, fish, peanuts and soy.
• Avoid dairy products, sugar, white flour, fried foods and processed foods.
• Avoid the excess fat from meat – buy lean and preferably organic.
• Avoid sugar, gluten (wheat, barley, rye and oats) and raw eggs.
• Avoid soft drinks and oranges (if allergic to oranges).

CONSUME:

• Drink plenty of water.
• Consume lots of fresh and raw fruits and vegetables.
• Eat a generally healthy diet, including five portions of vegetables per day, brown rice, millet, oily fish and a little fruit (no oranges).
• Consume diet rich in vitamin A and zinc, helps in regeneration of the skin.
• Diet rich in vitamin A:
– Liver oils of fish, egg, milk and milk products,
– Yellow orange colored fruits and vegetables; green leafy vegetables are good source of – carotene.
• Foods rich in zinc:
– Shellfish, beef and other red meats, eggs and seafood, nuts, sea plants especially Japanese sea plants.
• Increase intake of vitamin C, it helps maintain healthy skin:
– Milk and milk products, citrus fruits, green vegetables
– Fruits and vegetables when fresh have maximum of vitamin C.
• Have coriander leaves frequently, its high in vitamin C and helps to maintain healthy skin.
• You can have 3-4 strands of saffron in milk, it is beneficial for skin.
• Basil leaves (tulsi) are said to be helpful in skin ailments, eat 3-4 fresh leaves daily.
• Breast feed your child; breast milk increases the immunity of your child and helps preventing eczema in future.

• Go for a walk after meals, but not do brisk walking.
• Eat slowly and chew food properly.
• If gas is offensive, limit intake of proteins like- meat, eggs.
• Limit intake of high carbohydrates – rice, potatoes, sweet potatoes etc.
• Avoid pulses and fibrous vegetables like cabbage and cauliflower.
• Avoid cheese, beans, alcohol, soy sauce, carbonated drinks – coke etc.
• Avoid fried and spicy food.
• Add little garlic and asafetida in your diet – helps in digestion and prevents gas formation.
• Take plenty of fluids.
• Avoid over eating, frequent small meals are advisable.
• Curd and butter milk may help to change the intestinal flora.
• If over weight reduce weight.

• If possible fast for the day (do not eat for next 24 hrs).
• Eat bland light diet – porridge, soups, boiled green grams.
• Avoid spicy food.
• Eat slowly and chew properly.
• Have fruit juices, lentils and rice.
• Increase intake of vitamin A and zinc will help in healing the stomach mucosa
– Fruits like papaya, melons, apricots, peaches, etc.
– Vegetables like – cantaloupes, pumpkins, carrots, sweet potatoes, broccoli, green leafy vegetables –spinach, mustard leaves, fenugreek leaves etc.
– Have porridge of whole wheat.
• Do not drink milk, have plenty of fluids.
• Avoid food that is allergic to you.
• Avoid tea, caffeinated drinks and carbonated drinks.
• Eat regularly and at regular times. Do not eat between the meals.
• Avoid alcohol and smoking.
• Try to have stress free life.
• Slow walking after meals.
• Avoid drugs like- aspirin, antibiotics etc.
• Can take fish liver oil supplements.

• Treat the cause.
• Drink plenty of fluids every 15-30 minutes.
– Boiled one glass of water (250 ml) with 2 tbsp sugar and one pinch of salt. You can also add 1/2 a lemon juice and glucose.
– Lemon water with sugar and salt,
– 2 teaspoonfuls of apple/ carrot juice in boiled water.
– Butter milk, coconut water, barley water with skimmed milk in 1:1 ratio.
– Watermelon juice, sugarcane juice.
• Take oral electrolyte solutions – dioralyte.
• In case of infants start oral rehydration (the above measures) as soon as diarrhea begins, infants get dehydrated very fast.
• Continue breast-feeding and extra food supplement to the infant (if the child is being weaned), breast-feeding provides the immunity to the infant.
• Avoid solid foods for at least 24 hrs. You can start with – light, bland food
– Porridge, boiled rice, boiled vegetables, dry toast.
– Stewed apple, boiled potatoes, china grass, and ripe banana.
– Consume plenty of vegetable soups and juices – as they are rich in minerals and salts and help to replace lost body fluids.
– Curds, kanji (starch prepared from boiled rice)
• Avoid other milk products, raw food, non-vegetarian, spicy and seasoned food till complete recovery.

• Eat bland and soft food.
• In case of severe pain consume liquid or semi solid food.
• Consume lots of vitamin C-
– Fruit juice – citrus fruits like- orange, lime, strawberries, grape fruits, mango, amla (Indian Gooseberry) etc.
– Vegetable soups –tomatoes, green leafy vegetables- spinach, tangerines etc.
– Eat boiled vegetables- cabbage, broccoli, tubers- potatoes and sweet potatoes.
• Avoid solid food that has to be chewed.
• Drink lots of water.
• Take warm food, avoid too hot or too cold food / drink.
• Avoid sweets and carbohydrates.
• Clean your mouth with water every time you eat.
• Massage gums with vegetable oil, a pinch of salt and turmeric (turmeric has antiseptic property).

• Avoid diet rich in saturated fats e.g. meat, eggs, milk products, cheese, butter etc.
• Avoid foods rich in cholesterol: ground nut oil, ghee, butter, whole milk, eggs, lard (fats derived from pig meat), tallow (fats derived from goat or sheep mutton), oily fish, meats and red meat – all non-vegetarian food contain cholesterol in varied amount.
• Avoid non-vegetarian food especially red meat.
• Remember vegetable oils like safflower oil, cotton seed oil, mustard oil, etc do not contain cholesterol.
• Increase intake of foods that contain PUFA`s (poly unsaturated fatty acids): flax / linseed oil is the richest source of PUFA`s. Other oils that contain PUFA`s are safflower oil, soybean oil, sesame oil, rich bran oil, ground nut oil, mustard oil and olive oil. As all oils are high in fats, its consumption should be limited; the intake should not exceed 20gms a day.
• Take low caloric diet, rich in fibers e.g. fresh vegetables, fruits and salads.
• Increase intake of fiber: whole grains, bran, oat, green leafy vegetables, peas, beans, potatoes, raw vegetables, salads, dried fruits and fresh fruits.
• Eat fruits and vegetables with the skin.
• Sesame oil and almond oil hinders the absorption of LDL (low-density lipoproteins), so it is advisable to use replace other cooking oils by sesame oil.
• Increase your intake of water.
• Consumption of Indian bedellium (Guggal) is recommended as it has anti-lipidaemic properties; it is a cholesterol reducing agent.
• Avoid intake of tea or coffee.

• Cut down salt (common table salt) intake in your diet; do not exceed more then 2 to 2.5 gm a day.
• In case of severe hypertension do not consume salt at all till the blood pressure lowers down. Later you can start with balanced diet with low salt and fats in your diet.
• Add very little salt to food; do not add salt to cooked food.
• Avoid other sources of salts like- baking powder and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate), monosodium glutamate and sodium benzoate. These are commonly known as Worcestershire sauce, soy sauce, onion salt, garlic salt and buillon salt.
• Avoid salt-preserved foods like ketchups, sauces, pickles, canned and processed foods.
• Consume food rich in magnesium:
– Sea food, nuts, green leafy vegetables, sea plants like Japanese sea plants, whole, peas, lotus stem, pulses, legumes and oil seeds.
• Increase calcium intake:-
– Milk, nuts and sea food, green leafy vegetables, whole grains, peas, lotus stem, pulses, legumes and oil seeds.
– Certain fruits like – custard apple and banana are high in calcium.
• Reduce intake of diet rich in saturated fats e.g. meat, eggs, milk products, cheese, butter etc.
• Avoid foods rich in cholesterol: ground nut oil, ghee, butter, , lard (fats derived from pig meat), tallow (fats derived from goat or sheep mutton), oily fish and red meat – all non-vegetarian food contain cholesterol in varied amount.
• Avoid non-vegetarian food especially red meat.
• Increase intake of foods that contain PUFA`s (poly unsaturated fatty acids): flax / linseed oil is the richest source of PUFA`s. Other oils that contain PUFA`s are safflower oil, soybean oil, sesame oil, mustard oil and olive oil. As all oils are high in fats, its consumption should be limited. The intake of oils should not exceed 20gms a day.
• Consume whole grain cereals and whole pulses.
• Take high fiber diet – whole grains, bran, oat, green leafy vegetables, peas, beans, potatoes, raw vegetables, salads, dried fruits and fresh fruits.
• Cut down the intake of sugar and other sweeteners.
• Avoid fat-rich portions of flesh foods. Instead have lean meat.
• Avoid fat-rich desserts and fried snacks like cakes, pastries, puddings etc
• Instead of frying food boil, steam, grill or roast food.
• Avoid coffee and caffeinated drinks.

• In acute phase of disease rest and take only liquids- water with salt and sugar, fruit juices- water melon, etc, start dioralyte in case of severe diarrhea.
• Later start with semi solid, light and bland diet – porridge, soups, fruit juices etc.
• Add a pinch of turmeric to food, it has anti inflammatory properties and its action is seen more in the colon.
• Try to consume more of antioxidants (vitamin A, E, C, Selenium etc.)– Most fruits and vegetables contain bioflavanoids, which is a good antioxidant.
• Increase fiber intake in your diet – whole grains, bran, oat, green leafy vegetables, peas, beans, potatoes, raw vegetables, salads, dried fruits and fresh fruits.
• Avoid intake of milk and milk products.
• Increase intake of iron – boiled eggs, jaggery, beet roots, green leafy vegetables, and nuts – Brazil nuts and almonds, dried fruits, dates etc.
• Increase intake of vitamins and minerals – most vitamins and minerals are present in vegetables and fruits so try to consume vegetarian food more.
• Limit fried, fatty and non – vegetarian food.
• Avoid refined sugars, tea, coffee and aerated drinks.
• Avoid food that you are allergic to.

Kidney stones have tendency to reoccur, it can be prevented by some dietary changes. Depending upon the type of stones you can make necessary changes in your diet and prevent stone formation.
• Fluid intake:
– Drink lots of water, fruit juice, vegetable juice and other drinks. At least 50% total fluid intake should be water.
– Drink about 3-5 liters of water as water dilutes urine and there by hinders the stone formation.
– Drink enough to ensure the passage of 2000 ml / 70 oz of urine per day.
– Never let yourself to become dehydrated. Drink more water if you are doing strenuous work or are working in hot humid climate.
– You can drink barley water and coconut water daily, it helps in removing stones.
– You can have 1-2 unit of beer; it is good for flushing out the stone. Take care not to over indulge. One unit is about 285 ml beer.
• Drink lots of orange juice or other citrus fruit juices like – grapefruit, cranberry and grape juice. Citrus fruits especially orange juice is rich in potassium and citrate, potassium citrate is commonly used to prevent kidney stones.
• Reduce sodium intake. High sodium intake increases the risk of kidney stone by increasing urinary saturation of calcium phosphate and monosodium rate and decreases the inhibitory activity against calcium oxalate crystallization.
• Increase intake of fiber – bran, whole grains, oat, green leafy vegetables, peas, beans, potatoes, raw vegetables, salads, dried fruits and fresh fruits.
• Consume good amount of B-complex vitamin daily, especially pyridoxine (Vitamin B-6) and B-1 (thiamine) as their deficiency is associated with formation of stones.
• Reduce intake of sugar as it is associated with kidney stones.
• If possible stick to vegetarian diet. Studies have shown that plant sources of oxalates and calcium are not the cause for stone formation. Diet high in animal protein affects certain minerals in the urine which aids in the formation of kidney stones.
• Avoid high purine foods. They lead to high production of uric acid.
• Stop eating MEAT, be a vegetarian as meats are major sources of purine.
• The following foods are very high in purine and should be avoided completely:
– Anchovies, herring, mackerel, roe, sardines, scallops, shrimp, mussels, partridge, meat and meat extracts (oxo, bovril), red meat, mincemeat, goose, bouillon / broth / consommé of brains, kidney liver and heart.
– Dried legumes, sweetbreads, yeast (baker`s and brewer`s), yeast extracts (marmite, vegemite).
• If possible avoid alcohol or limit alcohol consumption to 1 drink three times a week. Completely avoid beer.
• Consume moderate amount of protein. Instead of animal proteins consume plant sources of proteins.
• Limit fat intake, foods high in fats are listed above.
• Consume lots of vitamin C; avoid crystallization of uric acid and helps in urinary excretion of uric acid. Consume buffered form of vitamin C, ascorbate.

Avoid:
• Avoid mental stress.
• Avoid crowded and unhygienic places.

CONSUME:

• Increase intake of the nutrient you are deficient in.
• Give high energy and high protein diet.
• Fluid intake should be adequate.
• Wide variety of food should be selected to ensure all vitamins and minerals are included in the diet.
• Increase intake of antioxidants like vitamin A, Vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium.
• Include Japanese sea vegetables (arame, hijiki, kombu, nori) in diet if available, they are remarkably nutritious.
• Wheat grass juice is recommended – grow wheat grains in a pot – grass comes up in a weeks time so its advisable to plant seven pots so as to have every days supply. Extract juice from these grass and consume twice a day. It helps you to develop immunity and is highly nutritious.
• Drink boiled mixture of water, mint and basil leaves.
• Increase consumption of zinc, decreases diarrhea episodes:
– Seafood (especially oysters), beef, oatmeal, chicken, liver, milk, spinach, sea plants, nuts and seeds.
– Plant foods are low in zinc, Whole wheat grains provide good amount of zinc.
• Add a pinch of turmeric to food; it will boost up your immunity.
• Have high energy food / drink like sugarcane juice, fats.
• Consumption of roots of winter cherry (ashwagandha) is advisable as it is an immuno-modulator.
• Consumption of sesame seed / oil is advised as it is a very good tonic.
• You can consume eggs, milk, fish, and little amount of meat and poultry.
• Vegetarians should increase their consumption of pulses and legumes (peas and beans).
• Consumption of fresh fruits and raw vegetables is advised.
• Milk and milk products should be avoided to those patients with intestinal damage who are also lactose intolerant or those who cannot tolerate, digest or absorb a normal diet in such case liquid supplement formula can be used.

Avoid:
• Avoid stress and learn to cope with it. Practice yoga will help to deal with stress.
• Avoid smoking or even being around a cigar or a cigarette smoke.
• Avoid alcohol, red wine champagne.
• Avoid coffee and caffeinated drinks. The more caffeine you consume more chances of having headaches.
• Sources of caffeine: coffee, tea, soft drinks, chocolate.
• Do not suddenly stop caffeine intake, you may get withdrawal symptoms. Reduce caffeine intake gradually.
• Do not drink or eat anything that has artificial sweeteners.
• Avoid canned foods and food with preservatives, foods with artificial colors.
• Avoid food you are allergic to. If you don`t know what food triggers the migraine, avoid foods listed above.
• Avoid monosodium glutamate, used in Chinese cooking.
• Avoid missing meals or fasting.
• Do not over eat.
• Avoid overexertion. Do regular moderate exercise.
• Avoid going out in sun; carry an umbrella or dark glasses when out in sun.
• Avoid taking pain killers and oral contraceptives.
• Avoid all perfumes, scented laundry detergents, deodorants, air fresheners, candles, shampoo etc.

DO`S:

• Keep a diary to record when your headache occurs, symptoms, what you had eaten before the headache started, your food craving that that period, your sleep patterns, menstrual cycle and other factors. This will help you to find out what triggers your migraine, so that you can avoid that factor and prevent migraine.
• Consume plenty of water.
• During the attack drink 3 glasses of very cold water and with a cold pack go and lie in a dark quite room without a pillow. Take complete bed rest with minimal light, noise and odors helps a lot.
• Do regular exercise, it prevents migraine attacks.
• Get a regular massage around the neck and shoulders to relieve the tension in the muscles.
• Proper rest and sleep is needed for prevention of migraine attacks.
• Eat proper balanced diet.
• Eat at regular time.
• Eat frequent small meals and snacks through out the day, to maintain blood sugar levels.
– Eat high protein meals regularly.
– Avoid eating sweets.
• Eat organic food, fresh fruits and vegetables.
• Limit intake of fats. It should be below 30% of your total calorie intake.
• Increase intake of omega 3 fatty acids. Omega 3 has tremendous effects on migraine. Especially the EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid), it helps in production of thromboxane A3, which plays important role in controlling migraine, it makes the blood less sticky and thus blood flows with out resistance and it produces prostaglandins (a hormone like substance) that reduces inflammation of the blood vessels.
• Increase intake of omega 3 fatty acids and reduce intake of omega 6 fatty acids (ratio of 2:1), omega 3 fatty acid has anti-inflammatory properties.
• Consume lots of vitamin B complex, helps to control blood sugars. They also help in release of energy which boosts up the immune system.
• Increase intake of iron, iron deficiency with or without anemia cause headaches.
• Calcium and vitamin D are helpful in reducing headaches especially headaches after menses.
• Increase intake of magnesium, magnesium deficiency causes spasms of muscles also of the smooth muscles in the lining of the blood vessels. Thus magnesium will relax the vessels in the blood vessels and allow the blood to flow freely.
• Sources of Vitamin A: all yellow fruits and vegetables contain Vitamin A. Meat, fish, kidney and liver, liver oils of fish like cod, shark, and halibut are richest source of vitamin A
• Eat food rich in zinc:
• Consume carbohydrates with proteins.
• Limit intake of simple carbohydrates: sugar, all sugary foods, alcohol, soda etc.
• Take high fiber diet, take 12-20 gm of fiber – whole grains, bran, oat, green leafy vegetables, peas, beans, potatoes, raw vegetables, salads, dried fruits and fresh fruits.
• Eat fruits and vegetables with the skin.
• Include food rich in Vitamin E:
• You can consume feverfew, an herb that is said to alleviate migraine pains, it gives temporary relief but will not cure migraine.

• Treat the cause.
• Avoid hot spicy and highly seasoned food.
• Limit intake of fried and fatty food.
• Have high fiber diet – whole grains, bran, oat, green leafy vegetables, peas, beans, potatoes, raw vegetables, salads, dried fruits and fresh fruits.
• If possible stick to vegetarian diet.
• Eat bitter gourd, black musale (Kali musli), Kareer (ker) are said to be beneficial.
• Eat fruits and vegetables with the skin.
• Drink sufficient water to avoid constipation.
• Exercise.
• In pregnancy do exercise under supervision of a professional.
• If over-weight reduce weight.

• Drink plenty of fluids and fresh juice of fruits and vegetables.
• Consume hot vegetable soups – tomato, sweet corn etc.
• Add a pinch of turmeric to your diet as it has anti-inflammatory properties.
• Initially diet should consist of fresh fruits and vegetables, when better can start with grains and little of protein in diet.
• Milk and milk products and sweets should be avoided to decrease mucus production.
• Onion and garlic should be consumed it is beneficial.
• Boil a mixture of Bishops weed (Ajwain), tea leaves and water and inhale the steam, helps to decongest. Do this at least 2-3 times a day.
• Gargle with warm water, a pinch of salt and turmeric to sooth your throat.
• Consume lots of vitamin A, maintains the integrity of the respiratory mucosa: Liver oils of fish like cod, shark, and halibut are richest source of vitamin A.
– Egg, milk and milk products, meat, fish, kidney and liver.
– Yellow orange colored fruits and vegetables, dark green leafy vegetables.
• Increase intake of vitamin C, it has antioxidant property: foods of animal origin are poor in vitamin C.
– Citrus fruits, green vegetables.
• Include zinc in your diet, it boosts up your immunity:
– Meat, poultry and milk, sea food – shell fish, crab, shrimp, and sea plants etc.
– Plant foods are low in zinc, Whole wheat grains provide good amount of zinc.

Avoid:
• Avoid mental stress.
• Avoid crowded and unhygienic places.

CONSUME:

• Give high energy and high protein diet.
• Start with light food which is high in protein and energy:
– Give water drained from boiled green grams, Sugar cane juice, Fruit juices, Vegetables soups, Porridge of lentil and rice, Porridge of pulses and cereals, Milk, milk shakes.
• Make sure food is cooked properly.
• Fluid intake should be adequate.
• Wide variety of food should be selected to ensure all vitamins and minerals are included in the diet.
• Increase intake of antioxidants like vitamin A: all yellow fruits and vegetables contain Vitamin A. Meat, eggs, fish, kidney and liver, liver oils of fish like cod, shark, and halibut are richest source of vitamin A.
• Consume:-
– milk and sea food, nuts, green leafy vegetables, whole grains, peas, lotus stem, pulses, legumes and oil seeds
• Increase intake of vitamin E: foods of animal origin are low in vitamin E.
– Oilseeds and vegetable oils like, coconut oil, groundnut oil, soy, cotton-seed and safflower oil.
– Wheat germ, whole grain, corns, cereals, pulses, nuts, dark green leafy vegetables, olives, spinach, asparagus.
• Another very good antioxidant selenium should be included in the diet: animal foods like – fish, shellfish, eggs, red meat, chicken and liver.
– Grains, Brazil nuts, garlic, wheat germ and brewer`s yeast are good source of selenium.
• Include Japanese sea vegetables (arame, hijiki, kombu, nori) in diet if available, they are remarkably nutritious.
• Wheat grass juice is recommended – grow wheat grains in a pot – grass comes up in a weeks time so its advisable to plant seven pots so as to have every days supply. Extract juice from these grass and consume twice a day. It helps you to develop immunity and is highly nutritious.
• Drink boiled mixture of water, mint and basil leaves.
• Increase consumption of zinc, decreases diarrhea episodes:
– Seafood (especially oysters), beef, oatmeal, chicken, liver, milk, spinach, sea plants, nuts and seeds.
– Whole wheat grains provide good amount of zinc.
• Have high energy food / drink like sugarcane juice, fats.
• Consumption of fresh fruits and raw vegetables is advised.

Avoid:
• Avoid precipitating or trigger factors.
• Avoid food you are allergic to.
• Avoid smoking and alcohol.
• Avoid foods high in fat or sugar.
• Avoid non-vegetarian food – meat, poultry.

DO:

• Warmth may help to control relapses.
• Do regular exercise helps by improving blood circulation.
• Practice yoga will help in reducing stress.

CONSUME:

• Drink plenty of water.
• Eat fresh and raw fruits and vegetables as they provide antioxidants and flavanoids which help in reducing inflammation and boosting up immunity.
• Consume figs and fish oil might help you feel better.
• Eat a well-balanced diet – Proper nutrition will improve general health and reduce the severity of the disease. Do not over eat even healthy foods.
• Limit intake of red meat and dairy products.
• Eat foods that contain psoralen before you walk out in sun – Celery, carrots, citrus, figs, fennel, and parsnips. It makes the skin more sun-sensitive to the positive effects of UV light. But do not over expose to sun.
• Consume oily fish, may help reduce the inflammation associated with psoriasis – mackerel, salmon, black cod, albacore tuna, herring and sardines.
• Have a low-calorie diet if you are over weight – about 1,200 calories per day. Some researches have shown relations between psoriasis and obesity.
• Consume gluten free diet, it benefits individuals with psoriasis (Gluten is a mixture of proteins found in some cereals, particularly wheat) – avoid wheat, rye, barley and oats they contain gluten.
• Increase intake of vitamin D.
• Increase intake of omega 3 fatty acids and reduce intake of omega 6 fatty acids (ratio of 2:1), omega 3 fatty acid has anti-inflammatory properties.
• Food rich in omega 3:
– Canola oil, flaxseed, flax seed oil, walnuts and green leafy vegetables like purslane, fish – Atlantic salmon, Atlantic halibut, Atlantic mackerel, Atlantic and Pacific herring, sardines, bluefish, tuna and cold water fish.
• Reduce (do not completely avoid) intake of food rich in omega 6:
– Cereals, vegetable oils, whole-grain breads, baked goods and margarines, eggs and poultry.
• Consume diet rich in vitamin A and zinc, helps in regeneration of the skin.
• Increase intake of vitamin C, it helps maintain healthy skin.
• Have coriander leaves frequently, its high in vitamin C and helps to maintain healthy skin.
• You can have 3-4 strands of saffron in milk, it is beneficial for skin.
• Basil leaves (tulsi) are said to be helpful in skin ailments, eat 3-4 fresh leaves daily.

• Drink plenty of fluids, 3-5 liters per day.
• Drink enough and do not let our self dehydrate.
• If you have colic due to renal stones, avoid food that can cause renal stone.
• Avoid vitamin D supplements.
• Avoid drugs like antacids which contain calcium.
• Avoid high sodium diet – Restrict Sodium intake to 500-1,000 mg per day.
• Eat a well balanced diet.
• Consume food high in vitamin B complex.
• Drink boiled mixture of – ½ cup water, little ginger, 2-3 leaves of sweet basil (tulsi) and mint leaves, or you can eat the raw leaves, this will boost up you immunity.
• Add little turmeric to food it increases immunity.
• Consume vitamin C and zinc improves immunity.
• Consume lots of Vitamin A: all yellow fruits and vegetables contain Vitamin A. Meat, fish, kidney and liver, liver oils of fish like cod, shark, and halibut are richest source of vitamin A.
• Avoid alcohol, chocolate, tea, tomatoes, spic food, vinegar etc as they may irritate the urinary tract.
• Urinate as soon as you get an urge.

Avoid:
• Avoid bony injuries, to prevent factures.

CONSUME:

• You should have sun bath for at least 1 – 2 hrs every day.
• Consume foods rich in vitamin D:
– Animal food: egg yolk and fish liver oils are riches source.
– Liver, veal, beef, oyster, salt water fish – mackerel, kipper, herrings, salmon, sardines and tuna.
– Dairy products like – cream, butter, cheese, fortified milk and margarines.
– Plant foods are low in vitamin D – vegetable oils, fruits, nuts and green leafy vegetables.
• Reduce calcium intake (reduce but do not completely avoid calcium as it is needed for maintenance of our body):-
– milk and sea food, nuts, green leafy vegetables, whole grains, peas, lotus stem, pulses, legumes and oil seeds
– Should avoid custard apple and banana as they are high in calcium.
• Breast feeding should be continued.
• You can take vitamin D supplements – cod liver oil, fortified milk.

Avoid:
• Avoid sweets and carbohydrates.
• Avoid too hot or too cold food / drink.
• Avoid solid food that has to be chewed in case there is bleeding from gums.

CONSUME:

• In case of continues bleeding apply ice to stop bleeding.
• Massage gums lightly with vegetable oil, a pinch of salt and turmeric (turmeric has antiseptic property).
• Eat bland and soft food.
• In case of severe pain consume liquid or semi solid food.
• Increase intake of vitamin C, helps in better absorption of niacin.
– Milk and milk products.
– Citrus fruits green vegetables.
– Fruits and vegetables when fresh have maximum of vitamin C.
– Potato and sweet potato when consumed with skin provide more vitamin.
– Cereals and pulses when sprouted can provide good amount of vitamin C.
• Drink lots of water.
• Take warm food.
• Clean your mouth with water every time you eat.
• You can take vitamin C supplements as directed by your physician. But it is always best to consume vitamin C in its natural form from food.

DIETARY MANAGEMENT:

• In acute phase of disease rest and take only liquids- water with salt and sugar, fruit juices- water melon, etc, start dioralyte in case of severe diarrhea.
• Later start with semi solid, light and bland diet – porridge, soups, fruit juices etc.
• Add a pinch of turmeric to food, it has anti inflammatory properties and its action is seen more in the colon.
• Try to consume more of antioxidants (vitamin A, E, C, Selenium etc.)– Most fruits and vegetables contain bioflavanoids, which is a good antioxidant.
• Eat well balanced diet, will boost up your immunity.
• Increase fiber intake in your diet – whole grains, bran, oat, green leafy vegetables, peas, beans, potatoes, raw vegetables, salads, dried fruits and fresh fruits.
• Eat fruits and vegetables with the skin.
• Limit fried and fatty food.
• Avoid intake of milk and milk products.
• Increase intake of iron – boiled eggs, jaggery, beet roots, green leafy vegetables, and nuts – Brazil nuts and almonds, dried fruits, dates, prunes, raisin.
• Increase intake of vitamins and minerals – most vitamins and minerals are present in vegetables and fruits so try to consume vegetarian food more.
• If possible avoid / limit non- vegetarian food.
• Avoid refined sugars.
• Avoid food that you are allergic to.
• Avoid tea, coffee and aerated drinks.

Avoid:
• Avoid going in crowded places as you are susceptible to get infections easily.
• Avoid contacts with people suffering from respiratory or any infectious disease.

CONSUME:

• Increase intake of vitamin A:
– Animal sources: egg, milk, fortified skimmed milk, butter, ghee, margarines, cheese, cream, meat, fish, kidney and liver.
– Liver oils of fish like cod, shark, and halibut are richest source of vitamin A. This source of vitamin A is rich in fat and cholesterol.
– Plant sources: yellow orange colored fruits and vegetables are good source of – carotene.
– Ripe fruits like mango, papaya, melons, apricots, peaches, pink grapefruit and vegetables like pumpkin, carrots, sweet potatoes, winter squashes, cantaloupe, peas, red pepper, tomatoes, and broccoli are rich in – carotene.
– Green leafy vegetables (most dark green leafy vegetables) like, spinach, mustard leaves, fenugreek leaves etc are rich source of – carotene, and here the yellow color of – carotene is masked by chlorophyll present in the plants. These vegetables are free of fat and cholesterol.
• Increase intake of zinc, zinc aids in metabolism of vitamin A:
– seafood (especially oysters), beef, oatmeal, chicken, liver, milk, spinach, sea plants, nuts and seeds.
– Plant foods are low in zinc, Whole wheat grains provide good amount of zinc.
• Eat raw leaves of sweet basil (tulsi) and mint leaves, this will boost up you immunity and protect you from infections.
• Add a pinch of turmeric to food; it will boost up your immunity.
• Continue breastfeeding, breast milk is a natural source of vitamin A.
• You can consume foods fortified with vitamin A to maintain vitamin A status.

Avoid:
• Avoid alcohol.

CONSUME:

• Increase consumption of thiamine:
– Thiamine is found in almost all foods of animal and plant origin. Fats oils and sugars do not contain thiamine.
– Lean meat especially pork, fish, dairy products, poultry, egg yolk.
– Cereals, pasta, whole grains like rice and wheat germ, dried beans, peas and soybeans
• Thiamin supplements can be taken as prescribed by your physician.

Consume:
• Consume foods rich in zinc: zinc is present in wide variety of foods especially along with proteins. Vegetarian diet contains less zinc compared to meat based diet. Best sources of zinc are –
– Beef, crabmeat, oysters, lamb, pork, turkey, salmon, shellfish, chicken, clams, lobster, milk, yoghurt and cheese cheddar.
– Whole wheat bread, oatmeal, brown rice, spinach, lentils, beans, lima beans, rye bread, peas and baked potatoes. Meat, eggs and seafood.
– Other sources of zinc are – green leafy vegetables, sea plants, Japanese sea plants, yeast, Nuts – cashews, almonds and peanuts, seeds – sesame and pumpkin seeds. Pumpkin seeds are one of the concentrated sources of zinc in vegetarian food.
• Only 20% of the zinc present in diet is absorbed by our body, dietary fibers and phytic acid present in food inhibits absorption of zinc. Phytic acid and fiber are fond in foods like – bran, whole grain cereals, pulses and nuts.
• Cooking process can reduce the effects of phytic acid and fibers on the absorption of zinc.
• Ferment whole grains as enzymatic actions of yeast reduces the levels of phytic acid and thus absorption of zinc is adequate.